贵州开放大学管理英语4作业与答案
贵州开放大学管理英语4作业与答案管理英语4学校:贵州开放大学平台:国家开放大学题目如下：1. — Do you mind if I use vouchers to spend in a restaurant? —__________A. Yes, please.B. Not at all. Go ahead.C. No, thank you.答案:Not at all. Go ahead.2. —Can I get you a couple of tea? —_________________________.A. That's very nice of youB. With pleasureC. You can, please答案:That's very nice of you3. Learning new things has always been a great ______ for me.A. motivatorB. motivateC. motivation答案:motivator4. I think a big part of it is ______ we know how to have fun on thejob.A. thatB. whichC. why答案:that5. Fifty-five per cent of the respondents said that praise andattention from their supervisor would make them feel ______ the company caredabout them and their well-being.A. as ifB. even ifC. like答案:as if6. 二、听力理解：听录音，判断正误（共50分）。请听录音： unit4tl.mp3操作提示：正确选“T”，错误选“F”。 Humanresources supported the proposal of giving the business intelligence a payincentive every three months at the beginning. 2. Brad from human resourcessupports Scott's idea. 3. Carlotta is the manager of HRD. 4. Men and women inthe business intelligence team who have been selected to get the prize willreceive the same rewarding things. 5. The prize-winner cannot choose the prizethat costs more than $500. 7. The prize-winner can only have material awardsand no day off.答案:F# T# F# F# T7. — This project is too big for me to finish ontime.—________________.A. Please do me a favorB. That is a daydreamC. I'll give you a hand答案:I'll give you a hand8. — Could you give us a speech on management functions some day thisweek?—________________.A. That's a good ideaB. No, I already have plansC. I'd love to, but I'm busy this week答案:I'd love to, but I'm busy this week9. The responsibilities in handbook ______ that managers have to beconcerned with efficiency and effectiveness in the work process.A. implyB. indicateC. interrupt答案:indicate10. It is through enthusiasm and quiet intensity ______ we transformcreativity and vision into the technologies.A. thatB. /C. which答案:that11. ______ managers spend most of their time in face-to-face contactwith others, but they spend much of it obtaining and sharing information.A. Not onlyB. Do not onlyC. Not only do答案:Not only do12. 二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。Who Killed Nokia? Nokia executives attempted to explain its fallfrom the top of the smartphone pyramid with three factors:1) that Nokia wastechnically inferior to Apple, 2) that the company was complacent and 3) thatits leaders didn't see the disruptive iPhone coming. It has also been arguedthat it was none of the above. Nokia lost the smartphone battle because ofdivergent shared fears among the company's middle and top managers which led tocompany-wide inertia that left it powerless to respond to Apple's game. Basedon the findings of an in-depth investigation and 76 interviews with top andmiddle managers, engineers and external experts, the researchers discovered aculture of fear due to temperamental leaders and that frightened middlemanagers were scared of telling the truth. The fear that froze the companycame from two places. First, the company's top managers had a terrifyingreputation. Some members of Nokia's board and top management were described as“extremely temperamental” and they regularly shouted at people “at the top oftheir lungs”. It was very difficult to tell them things they didn't want tohear. Secondly, top managers were afraid of the external environment and notmeeting their quarterly targets, which also impacted how they treated middlemanagers. Top managers thus made middle managers afraid of disappointing them.Middle managers were told that they were not ambitious enough to meet topmanagers' goals. Fearing the reactions of top managers, middle managersremained silent or provided optimistic, filtered information. Thus, middlemanagers directly lied to top management. Worse, a culture of status insideNokia made everyone want to hold onto vested power for fear of resources beingallocated elsewhere if they delivered bad news or showed that they were notbold or ambitious enough to undertake challenging assignments. Beyond verbalpressure, top managers also applied pressure for faster performance inpersonnel selection. This led middle managers to over promise and underdeliver. One middle manager told us that “you can get resources by promisingsomething earlier, or promising a lot. It's sales work.” While modest fearmight be healthy for motivation, abusing it can be like overusing a drug, whichrisks generating harmful side effects. To reduce this risk, leaders shouldcoordinate with the varied emotions of the staff. Nokia's top managers shouldhave encouraged safe dialogue, internal coordination and feedback to understandthe true emotion in the organization. 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。1. Nokia lost thesmartphone battle because its technology is not as good as that of Apple. 2.Nokia's middle managers were frank to tell the truth, but the top ones didn'tlisten to them. 3. Nokia's top managers were too moody to hear anything goodbut harsh. 4. Middle managers in Nokia delivered results more than theypromised earlier. 5. Nokia's top managers should have had better conversationtechniques to encourage internal coordination and truth.答案:F# F# T# F# T13. — I think things have been a bit difficult for us the last couple ofmonths.—__________. We've been working hard, but still getting behind.A. You're rightB. I'm afraidC. I don’t think so答案:You're right14. The Human Resource Managing Department at Honda is given specificinstructions ______ employ the best possible workers.A. how toB. on what toC. on how to答案:on how to15. ______ CEOs spend planning, the more profitable their companies are.A. The more timeB. The moreC. The less time答案:The more time16. ______ his anger the employees called him Mr. Thunder, but theyloved him.A. Due toB. In spite ofC. Because答案:Due to17. —____________________identify the problems that have beenoccurring?—Well, as you know, the problems we had with Gary caused a lot offriction among the team.A. What would youB. Will youC. Are you able to答案:Are you able to18. — If you can't say what you've come to say at the meeting, what'sthe point?—____________________,but I think you might need to change yourapproach somewhat.A. I am not sureB. I can see thatC. I know that答案:I can see that19. Effective leaders distill complex thoughts and strategies intosimple, memorable terms __________ colleagues and customers can grasp and actupon.A. whenB. thatC. who答案:that20. Creativity, especially __________ which takes place acrossdepartmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.A. thatB. thoseC. /答案:that21. In today's environment, __________ people are often burned out, it'simportant for employees to have a personal connection with you and the work youbelieve in.A. whereB. whenC. while答案:where22. 二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。Communication Failure The meaning of “communication” goes a lotdeeper than people often think. Communication is about conceiving, sending,receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of thesemessages. A failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffective communication. Ineffectivecommunication can be disastrous. There is a famous story of a British ArmyCommander who sent the message “Send reinforcements, we're going to advance.”back to his Command Center, through a long chain of subordinates. When the messagefinally reached the Command Center, it had “mutated” to become -- “Send threeand four-pence, we're going to a dance.” The reinforcements never arrived. Youcan demonstrate this same principle, albeit on a less dramatic scale, by tryingto play Chinese Whispers with more than 20 people. It is highly unlikely thesame message you started with will be the one you end with. In a business,there are three main types of communication failure. Each has its ownindicative signs. •The first type is known as allocative failure. This occurswhen a firm is not gathering enough intelligence about its market or (mostoften), the information is not reaching the right points. The firm will not beallocating resources in step with the shifts in demand. If demand is rising butthe firm is suffering from allocative communication failure, then stocks willfall and there will be understaffing. If the inverse happens, there will be asurplus of stocks and overstaffing. •The second type is executive failure,where communication to trigger specific events/actions is either late, lackingor in error. The symptoms of this are a general loss of direction in thecompany or departments, a loss of co-ordination and an increase in complaintsfrom customers as things happen late or not at all. •The final type is humanfailure. This occurs when the general culture of a business or therelationships between particular individuals or departments do not fostereffective communication. This leads to alienated staff, an increase in staffturnover, an increase in absenteeism and general frustration among staff.Creativity, especially that which takes place across departmental boundaries,is likely to suffer hugely as team synergy slips.操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。Confirming reception of the sent messages means . A. the messages are sent toright receivers B. the messages are correctly understood C. the messages arecorrectly understood by right receivers2. In the famous British Army Commanderstory, which step probably did NOT go wrong in the communication chain?A. Conceiving.B. Sending. C. Receiving.3. What is Chinesewhispers?A. Who whispers in Chinese. B.A game to pass message around in a whisper. C. Chinese people who don'tnormally talk very loudly.4. Allocative failure does NOT happen when . A. theright information goes to the right place B. a company gathers falseinformation C. the correct information is not received by the right departmentor person5. According to the passage, which of the following cases does NOTbelong to human failure?A. Decreasingcreativity across departments. B. Inadequate communication between departments.C. Increasing customer complaints.答案:C# A# B# A# C23. — Will you go on a picnic with us tomorrow?—____________________.A. Yes, but I'll have English classesB. Sorry, I have an appointment with Dr.BrownC. I'm afraid I have no idea答案:Sorry, I have an appointment with Dr.Brown24. I think the primary ______factor is there's been so much absencelately.A. contributingB. causingC. affecting答案:contributing25. He's left now, but productivity hasn't ______that much.A. carried onB. caught upC. picked up答案:picked up26. Every time I tried to say something, he would ______ to somethingelse.A. move offB. move onC. move over答案:move on27. — Do you know where I can repair my motorcar? — ____________A. It's cheap to repair a motorcar.B. Around the street corner.C. You drive too fast to damage it.答案:Around the street corner.28. — Over-the-top? You mean…— ____________A. Well, sometimes your co-workers feelthat you are too loud.B. No, I don't.C. Thanks a lot.答案:Well, sometimes your co-workers feelthat you are too loud.29. The workmen want to ________ the number of working hours and toincrease pay.A. deleteB. decreaseC. depress答案:decrease30. Without his assistance, I ________ the research last month.A. would not have completedB. could not finishC. should not finish答案:would not have completed31. Wendy suggests that we ________ tomorrow.A. shall goB. should goC. will go答案:should go32. 二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，判断正误（共50分）。Performance Management and Performance Appraisal Performancemanagement aims to acknowledge employee achievements, support their personaland professional development, and motivate and empower them to perform theirwork effectively. Performance management helps employees to develop theirunderstanding, knowledge and skills so that they can contribute to theachievement of the enterprise's goals and gain personal and job satisfaction.It is a vital part of any quality human resource system. Every enterprisewants and should expect high performance from each employee.The elements of acompetency-based performance management system will, if implemented well,enable high performance which will define enterprise and personal success.Using performance management processes, an enterprise can be better placed tomeet competitive challenges. This is done by: ●identifying the criticalpositions ●determining the most important competencies for those positions ●providingthe education, training and feedback required by employees ●holding eachperson accountable for their results The key to the performance managementprocess is ‘performance appraisal'. Performance appraisal is simply anevaluation of how well an employee performs his or her job compared to a set ofpredetermined standards. It is a systematic process of feedback on anemployee's work performance, and agreement to future training plans, job goalsand job aspirations. To be effective, a performance appraisal needs to have aset of agreed criteria that will be the basis of feedback as well as of settingfuture goals. Units of competency provide a very effective tool for settingbenchmarks or criteria for work performance. The performance criteria withinunits of competency can be used as measures to assess against in a performanceappraisal or review. 操作提示：正确选T，错误选F。 Performance management is a very importantpart of any quality human resource system. 2. The aim of performance managementis to punish the unqualified employees. 3. An enterprise can be better placedto meet competitive challenges by providing the education, training andfeedback required by employees, for example. 4. Every enterprise can expecthigh performance from each employee. 5. “Performance management” is also called“performance appraisal”.答案:T# F# T# F# F33. — Which of these hats do you want? — _______ . Either will do.A. I don't mindB. No problemC. Go ahead答案:I don't mind34. — Don't worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only a common cold.—________ ! I'll tell Dad there's nothing serious.A. What a reliefB. How surprisingC. I'm so sorry答案:What a relief35. _____the deepening of China's economic reforms, there is greatercooperation and interdependence between the private and the public sector.A. WithB. As well asC. For the sake of答案:With36. To build the reservoir（水库）， thousands of people have to be_______ .A. relocatedB. repeatedC. reopened答案:relocated37. On hearing the news of ______ the major exam again, the girl burstinto tears.A. her having failedB. she failedC. her being failed答案:her having failed38. 二、阅读理解：根据文章内容，完成选择题（共50分）。How to Adapt to Change in the Workplace If there's one word thatcaptures the essence of what is occurring in the world today, it's “change.”Downsizing, reorganizing, and cutting costs, are now the norm for survival. Noindustry is exempt. Even the most conservative institutions are undergoingsignificant change just to survive. Change management has always been an issueof debate amongst scholars:how can employers create suitable conditions for asuccessful change process? And what can employees do to get through it? Tipsfor dealing with change in the workplace. ●Make yourself aware that changehappens:it happens in personal life, it happens in your professional life. Youcannot live in the past, so denying that change could occur only makes thingsmore complicated for you. ●Stay alert in the workplace:know what is happeningaround you. When you come across clues that hint change is on the way,acknowledge them! ●Maintain open communication channels:Don't lay back andexpect things to pass you by smoothly. You need to get acquainted with theoccurring changes. Seek more details from your management and peers to form anaccurate understanding of the matter. Be transparent and honest about yourfears:dealing with the unknown is often resented and daunting. Make the pictureas clear as you can. ●Assess yourself:Change is a time when one's confidenceabout one's skills and capabilities gets shaky. Recognize your strengths andwhere you could bring them into play. At the same time, stay aware of your developmentalareas and work on improving those. ●Don't be stiff:It will make the changeprocess much harder if you are rigid. Be flexible enough to look at thedifferent angles of the change and see where you could apply your “existing”skills and knowledge, and what news skills you need to acquire. ●Stayoptimistic:Keep a positive attitude and don't let yourself drown inuncertainty. Involve yourself in the new process; locate yourself properly inthe new scenario. Adjust! “You can't get to the top of Everest by jumping upthe mountain. You get to the mountaintop by taking incremental steps. Step bystep, you get to the goal”, says Robin Sharma, one of the world'smost-sought-after leadership and personal success experts. 操作提示：通过题目后的下拉选项框选择正确答案。1.Enterprises carry out downsizing, reorganizing and cutting costs in order to .A. cut down on the number of workers B. reshuffle the organization C. survive2.“No industry is exempt” means . A. No industry is an exception B. No industryis an example C. Not every industry can be exempted3. The following questionsare often discussed among scholars EXCEPT . A. How can bosses create favorableconditions for change B. How can productivity be increased C. What can workersdo to get through change4. How many suggestions does the author putforward?A. 4 B. 5 C. 65. From thepassage, we know that Robin Sharma is . A. an expert on leadership, andpersonal success B. a great leader C. someone who likes to play the game ofHide and Seek答案:C# A# B# C# A39. — If you don't believe in yourself, no one else will.— _____.Confidence is really important.A. That's not the pointB. I don't think soC. I couldn't agree more答案:I couldn't agree more40. All _____ glitters (闪闪发光) is not gold.A. thatB. whichC. what答案:that41. He ordered that nothing ________ until the police arrived.A. was touchedB. should be touchedC. had been touched答案:should be touched42. By the end of the year, the sales plan for the next year______.A. will be madeB. will have been madeC. have been made答案:will have been made43. 二、完型填空（共50分）操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。 On May 27, 1995, our life was suddenly changed. It happened a fewminutes past three, when my husband, Chris, fell from his horse as it jumpedover a fence. Chris was paralyzed (瘫痪) from the chest down, to breathenormally. As he was thrown from his horse, we entered into a life of disabilitywith lots of unexpected challenges. We went from the “haves” to the“have-nots”. Or so we thought. Yet what we discovered later were all thegifts that came out of sharing difficulties. We came to learn that somethingcould happen in a disaster. All over theworld people cared for Chris so much that letters and postcards poured in everyday. By the end of the third week in a medical center in Virginia, about 35,000pieces ofhad been received and sorted.As, we opened letter after letter. Theygave us comfort and became a source of strength for us. We use them toencourage ourselves. I would go to the pile of letters marked with “funny” ifwe need a laugh, or to the “disabled” box to find advice from people in wheelchairsor even in bed living happily and.These letters, we realized, had to be shared. And so here we offer one of themto you.答案:unable# wonderful# mail# a family#successfully44. - This mathematical problem is too difficult for me to solve ontime. Could you please help me?- _____________________.A. Hi, please do me a favorB. Yes, it’s impossibleC. Sure, I’ll give you a hand答案:Sure, I’ll give you a hand45. - Scott, I’d like to have your opinions about my written report.-_____________________.But I have one suggestion.A. That’s a good ideaB. You are too modestC. It looks fine to me答案:It looks fine to me46. - Could I borrow your iPad for a few hours? -_____________________.Enjoy your time.A. No, I am sorryB. B. Sure, here you areC. It doesn’t matter答案:B. Sure, here you are47. - How did your meeting go yesterday?- _____________________. It wasreally frustrating actually.A. Not so goodB. Very goodC. Nothing special答案:Not so good48. - Don’t worry, Mum. The doctor said it was only a common cold.-_____________________! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.A. What a reliefB. How surprisingC. I’m so sorry答案:What a relief49. As I see it, you should manage—coordinate—the project and ______ theteams needed to complete it successfully.A. bring togetherB. bring inC. bring on答案:bring together50. Sometimes, members of teams _____ obstacles by focusing on solelytheir own pursuits and goals.A. createB. createsC. creating答案:create51. Leaders, Welch suggested, are _____ those who achieve results _____those who share the values of the company.A. not only, but alsoB. neither, norC. either, or答案:not only, but also52. The scientists are still _____ inventing new methods of reachingouter space.A. working withB. working onC. working for答案:working on53. While modest fear might be healthy for motivation, ______ it can belike overusing a drug, which risks generating harmful side effects.A. abuseB. abusedC. abusing答案:abusing54. Please ask the solicitor what his ________ would be to take the caseto court.A. fareB. feeC. salary答案:fee55. After days of investigation, the police were ____ reality.A. investigatingB. approachingC. finding答案:approaching56. Along the dusty road ______ a group of tourists.A. to comeB. comingC. came答案:came57. We ________ with achievement.A. are doneB. are obsessedC. catch up答案:are obsessed58. Cultural differences ________ four categories:religion, nationality,region, and lifestyle.A. fall downB. fall offC. C. fall into答案:C. fall into59. If it ______up to me, I’d love for everyone to come in at noon.A. wasB. isC. were答案:were60. Google does just that by hosting employee forums every Friday,________ they discuss the 20 most-asked questions.A. whatB. thatC. where答案:where61. The 35 employees who had come together for a team building eventwere young, smart and passionate.答案:正确62. Most of the 35 employees were good solution sharers and knew wellabout teamwork.答案:错误63. The place of this team building event was not a normal cafeteria.答案:正确64. There were many filled balloons in the cafeteria.答案:错误65. All the employees attending the team building event had two chancesto blow up a balloon. If the balloon blasted twice, they failed.答案:正确66. In the second round, the employees only focused on finding out theirown balloons, so only few of them found balloons with their names.答案:错误67. In the third round, the employees were required to share the nameinformation on each balloon they got.答案:正确68. According to the summary addressed by the team leader, theconclusion “everybody's business is nobody's business” could be drawn.答案:错误69. Sometimes it is success-hindering that you do not share when youwork in a team.答案:正确70. What kind of company is Google?_________A. A medium-sized international company.B. A large global enterprise.C. A large American company.答案:A large global enterprise.71. How does Google motivate its employees?_________A. Providing a friendly work culture in thecompany.B. TPromoting the employees to higher jobpositions.C. Offering entertaining equipment in theemployees' office.答案:Providing a friendly work culture in thecompany.72. Who founded Google?_________A. Larry Page and Sergey Brin.B. Karen May.C. Sergey Brin.答案:Larry Page and Sergey Brin.73. Google employees have the freedom to _________.A. use the totem pole with their colleaguesB. spend certain time on their chosenprojectsC. play bowling with their colleagues atwork答案:spend certain time on their chosenprojects74. What is Google's secret to success?_________A. Encouraging among employees theaspiration to be No. 1 in the world.B. Paying high salary to the employees andpracticing strict management.C. Valuing the happiness of its employeesas much as innovating good products.答案:Valuing the happiness of its employeesas much as innovating good products.75. - Over-the-top? You mean... -_____________________.A. Well, sometimes your co-workers feelthat you are too loudB. No, I don'tC. Thanks a lot答案:Well, sometimes your co-workers feelthat you are too loud76. - The trip ought not to take more than an hour.-_____________________. It is at least two hours.A. I guess soB. You must be jokingC. It depends答案:You must be joking77. - Could I borrow your iPad for a few hours?-_____________________.Enjoy your time.A. No, I am sorryB. Sure, here you areC. It doesn't matter答案:Sure, here you are78. - Could you give us a speech on management functions some day thisweek? -_____________________.A. That's a good ideaB. No, I already have plansC. I'd love to, but I'm busy this week答案:I'd love to, but I'm busy this week79. - How did your meeting go yesterday? - _____________________. It wasreally frustrating actually.A. Not so goodB. Very goodC. Nothing special答案:Not so good80. I think the primary ________factor is there's been so much absencelately.A. contributingB. developingC. increasing答案:contributing81. An employee may express their different understanding and, at thesame time, a willingness to ________ any constructive suggestions.A. comply withB. completeC. compose答案:comply with82. If it ______up to me, I'd love for everyone to come in at noon.A. wasB. isC. were答案:were83. Their economy is export ______.A. orientedB. orientatingC. orientation答案:oriented84. In competitive markets, leaders are under increased ________ tomaintain a positive work culture.A. pressureB. pleasureC. presence答案:pressure85. Please ______ your hand if you have any question at all.A. raiseB. riseC. arise答案:raise86. While modest fear might be healthy for motivation, ______ it can belike overusing a drug, which risks generating harmful side effects.A. abuseB. abusedC. abusing答案:abusing87. Google does just that by hosting employee forums every Friday,________ they discuss the 20 most-asked questions.A. whatB. thatC. where答案:where88. If there is friction between team members, examine the workprocesses they mutually own. Which of the following words can replace the aboveunderlined word?A. currentlyB. jointlyC. simply答案:jointly89. The workmen want to ________ the number of working hours and toincrease pay.A. deleteB. decreaseC. depress答案:decrease90. She is very adaptive and soon ______ to the campus life.A. adoptedB. adaptedC. addicted答案:adapted91. I think the primary ________factor is there's been so much absence lately.A. contributingB. developingC. Increasing答案:contributing92. Every employee at Google has the opportunity to _________ 20% of hisor her working time on a project they choose.A. wasteB. useC. spend答案:spend93. ________ the day, if his employees have to be forced to use the app,how can he expect consumers to want to willingly pay to use it?A. At the end ofB. By the end ofC. In the end of答案:At the end of94. By the end of the year, the sales plan for the next year______.A. will be madeB. will have been madeC. have been made答案:will have been made95. Communication Failure Communication is about conceiving, sending,receiving, and interpreting messages as well as confirming reception of thesemessages. A failure at any point in this chain can result in ineffectivecommunication.In a business, there arethree main types of communication failure. Each has its own indicativesigns.The first type is known asallocative failure. This occurs when a firm is not gathering enoughintelligence about its market or (most often), the information is not reachingthe right points. The firm will not be allocating resources in step with theshifts in demand. If demand is rising but the firm is suffering from allocativecommunication failure, then stocks will fall and there will be understaffing.If the inverse happens, there will be a surplus of stocks andoverstaffing.The second type isexecutive failure, where communication to trigger specific events/actions iseither late, lacking, or in error. The symptoms of this are a general loss ofdirection in the company or departments, a loss of co-ordination and anincrease in complaints from customers as things happen late or not at all.The final type is human failure. This occurswhen the general culture of a business or the relationships between particularindividuals or departments do not foster effective communication. This leads toalienated staff, an increase in staff turnover, an increase in absenteeism, andgeneral frustration among staff. Creativity, especially that which takes placeacross departmental boundaries, is likely to suffer hugely as team synergyslips.1. Communication chain does not involve confirmation of receivingmessages.2. If demand is decreasing, allocative communication failure willresult in overstocking and understaffing.3. Increasing customer complaints isone of the symptoms of executive failure.4. Human failure happens when twodepartments do not communicate effectively.5. The communication chain iscompletely different in daily life as in a business.答案:F# F# T# T# F96. Nokia executives attempted to explain its fall from the top of thesmartphone pyramid with three factors:1) that Nokia was technically inferior toApple, 2) that the company was complacent and 3) that its leaders didn't seethe disruptive iPhone coming.It hasalso been argued that it was none of the above. Nokia lost the smartphonebattle because of divergent shared fears among the company's middle and topmanagers which led to company-wide inertia that left it powerless to respond toApple's game.Based on the findings ofan in-depth investigation and 76 interviews with top and middle managers,engineers, and external experts, the researchers discovered a culture of feardue to temperamental leaders and that frightened middle managers were scared oftelling the truth.The fear that frozethe company came from two places. First, the company's top managers had aterrifying reputation. Some members of Nokia's board and top management weredescribed as “extremely temperamental” and they regularly shouted at people “atthe top of their lungs”. It was very difficult to tell them things they didn'twant to hear. Secondly, top managers were afraid of the external environmentand not meeting their quarterly targets, which also impacted how they treatedmiddle managers.Top managers thus mademiddle managers afraid of disappointing them. Middle managers were told thatthey were not ambitious enough to meet top managers’ goals.Fearing the reactions of top managers, middlemanagers remained silent or provided optimistic, filtered information. Thus,middle managers directly lied to top management.Worse, a culture of status inside Nokia madeeveryone want to hold onto vested power for fear of resources being allocatedelsewhere if they delivered bad news or showed that they were not bold orambitious enough to undertake challenging assignments.Beyond verbal pressure, top managers alsoapplied pressure for faster performance in personnel selection. This led middlemanagers to over promise and under deliver. One middle manager told us that“you can get resources by promising something earlier or promising a lot. It'ssales work.”While modest fear might behealthy for motivation, abusing it can be like overusing a drug, which risksgenerating harmful side effects. To reduce this risk, leaders should coordinatewith the varied emotions of the staff. Nokia's top managers should haveencouraged safe dialogue, internal coordination, and feedback to understand thetrue emotion in the organization.1. Nokia lost the smartphone battle becauseits technology is not as good as that of Apple.2. Nokia's middle managers werefrank to tell the truth, but the top ones didn't listen to them.3. Nokia's topmanagers were too moody to hear anything unpleasant.4. Middle managers in Nokiadelivered results more than they promised earlier.5. Nokia's top managersshould have had better conversation techniques to encourage internalcoordination and truth.答案:F# F# T# F# T97. A team of about 35 employees had come together for a team-buildingevent. They were a young, bright and enthusiastic team. However, one of theirchief problems was the fact that they wouldn't share information or solutionswith each other, and the team leader thought they were too focused onthemselves and not on the team. As a result, she brought them all into thecafeteria. All of the tables and chairs had been stored away, and fundecorations and hundreds of different colored balloons had been placed aroundthe room.In the center of the room wasa big box of balloons that hadn't been blown up yet. The team leader instructedeverybody to pick a balloon, blow it up, and write their name on it, but theyhad to be careful not to burst the balloon. Although they were given a secondchance if their first balloon popped, they were out of the game the second timeround. In the end, about 30 team members wrote their names without theirballoons popping. They were then asked to leave the room and, after five minutes,the team leader brought them back in and asked them to find the balloon withtheir name on it amongst the hundreds of other balloons in the room. After 15minutes of searching, no one had found their balloon, and the team were toldthat they were then going to move on to the third round of the activity.In this round, each team member wasinstructed to find any balloon with a name on it and then give that balloon tothe person whose name was on it. Within two minutes, everybody had their ownballoon. The team leader summarized the activity thus:“We are much moreefficient when we are willing to share with each other and much better atproblem solving when we are working together, not individually”.Sometimes, members of teams create obstaclesby focusing solely on their own pursuits and goals. Every member of the teamshould ask themselves on a regular basis what they are doing and what they cando for the team.1. What was the purpose of holding this team-building event?A.Helping the employees become more concentrated on their work.B. Making the teammembers know how to cooperate with each other.C. Building up team morale.2.Where was the event held? A. In a restaurant. B. In a coffee shop. C. In aclassroom.3. About how many team members were out of the second round of theactivity?A. 30.B. 35.C. 5.4. Which statement below is correct about theevent?A. In the second round, every one of the team had found their balloonsafter 15 minutes.B. In the third round, the team members were asked to find theballoon with their name on it.C. In the third round, everybody had their ownballoon within 2 minutes.5. What was the event going to teach theseemployees?A. Cooperating with other members is more efficient when they areworking together.B. Focusing on one's own pursuits is not allowed in theworkplace.C. Failure of teamwork is caused by individuals.答案:B# A# C# C# A98. - I think we'll have to talk later. I've got to go now. Great seeingyou. - _____________________.A. Nice meeting youB. Good ideaC. You must be joking答案:Nice meeting you99. - Scott, I'd like to have your opinions about my written report. -_____________________.But I have one suggestion.A. That's a good ideaB. You are too modestC. It looks fine to me答案:It looks fine to me100.-This project is too big for me to finish on time.-_____________________.A. Please do me a favorB. That is a daydreamC. I'll give you a hand答案:I'll give you a hand101.All of the tables and chairs ____________ away.A. had storedB. had been storedC. stored答案:had been stored102.The scientists are still _____ inventing newmethods of reaching outer space.A. working withB. working onC. working for答案:working on103.Controlling involves ______ achievement againstestablished objectives and goals.A. meetingB. meaningC. measuring答案:measuring104.Self-esteem needs might include the ______ from aworkplace.A. rewardsB. rewardedC. rewarding答案:rewards105.It's about a successful businessman's managementexperience, ______?A. is thatB. is itC. isn't it答案:isn't it106.Redundancy happens when employees need to _____their workforce. And as a result, someone gets dismissed from work.A. reformB. reproduceC. reduce答案:reduce107.If you could have an _____ supply of any food, whatwould you like to have?A. endlessnessB. endlessC. endlessly答案:endless108.______ managers spend most of their time inface-to-face contact with others, but they spend much of it obtaining andsharing information.A. Not onlyB. Do not onlyC. Not only do答案:Not only do109.Ineffective communication can be ______.A. disastrousB. damagedC. destroyed答案:disastrous110.Learning new things has always been a great ______for me.A. motivatorB. movementC. motor答案:motivator111.When you think of team building, do you immediatelypicture your group off at a resort playing games or hanging from ropes?Traditionally, many organizations approach team building in this way but, then,they wonder why that wonderful sense of teamwork that had been displayed at theretreat or the seminar fails to impact long term beliefs and actions back atwork.I'm not averse to retreats,planning sessions, seminars, and team building activities – in fact I lead them– but they have to form part of a much larger teamwork effort. You will notbuild teamwork by “retreating” as a group for a couple of days each year,instead you need to think of team building as something you do every singleday.• Form teams to solve real workissues and to improve real work processes. Provide training in systematicmethods so the team expends its energy on the project, not on trying to workout how to work together as a team to approach the problem.• Hold department meetings to review projectsand progress, to obtain broad input, and to coordinate shared work processes.If there is friction between team members, examine the work processes theymutually own – the problem is not usually their personalities; instead, it isoften the fact that the team members haven't agreed on how they will deliver aproduct or service, or the steps required to get something done.• Build fun and shared occasions into theorganization's agenda – hold pot luck lunches, take the team to a sportingevent, sponsor dinners at a local restaurant, go hiking, or go to an amusementpark. Hold a monthly company meeting, sponsor sports teams and encouragecheering team fans.• Use ice breakersand teamwork exercises at meetings – these help team members get to know eachother, share details about each other's lives, and have a laugh together.• Celebrate team successes publicly. Thereare many ways you could do this, for instance by buying everyone the samet-shirt or hat, putting team member names in a draw for company merchandise,and gift certificates. The only thing limiting you is your imagination.If you do the types of teamwork buildinglisted above, you'll be amazed at the progress you will make in creating ateamwork culture, a culture that enables individuals to contribute more thanthey ever thought possible – together.1. Team building event is traditionallyrelated to playing games at the resort.2. The author claims that playing gamestogether is as important as forming teams to solve real work issues and improvereal work processes for team building.3. “Retreat” in the first paragraph meanswithdrawal of troops after a defeat.4. Ice breaking motivates team members tocompete with each other.5. A good teamwork culture enables individuals to makemore efforts together.答案:T# F# F# F# T112.A strategic plan is not the end goal of thestrategic planning process – it is the framework for successfully implementinga strategy. Until a strategic plan is put into effect, it has no real value.There are several keys to successfulimplementation. First, people directly involved in executing the strategy mustbe included in the planning process. Strategic planning is no longer a top-downdirective. Without the input and feedback of the people responsible forexecuting on the strategy, a seemingly solid strategy is likely to fall apartwhen implementation is attempted.Thenext key to successful implementation is clearly communicating the strategy tothe whole company. The communication should ensure that everyone in the companyunderstands and accepts the strategy as the best path forward, and not simplythe leadership's latest idea. Without clear communication, employees lack asense of ownership and clarity of purpose. When a strategy is not understood orembraced, it usually results in misunderstanding and uneven commitments toimplementation.Another key to thesuccessful execution of a strategic plan is the clear and straightforwarddescription of the plan and its operations. Even the most brilliant strategyfaces failure if it cannot be explained clearly and concisely.1. The final goalof the strategic planning process is a strategic plan.2. A strategic plan isvaluable if it is executed.3. There are four keys to successful implementation.4.A good strategy is likely to fall apart without the input and feedback of thepeople responsible for executing the strategy.5. Leadership's idea determinesall.答案:F# T# F# T# F113.It's important for a CEO to be passionate andenthusiastic, but there's a line of professionalism that must always bemaintained.According to a report fromthe technology website Venture Beat, PayPal CEO David Marcus wrote a criticalletter to his employees blaming them for not using PayPal products andencouraging them to leave if they didn't have the passion to use the productsthey work for.According to the website,part of the leaked letter reads: “It's been brought to my attention that whentesting paying with mobile at Cafe 17 last week, some of you refused to installthe PayPal app, and others didn't even remember their PayPal passwords. That'sunacceptable to me, and the rest of my team, everyone at PayPal should use ourproducts where available. That's the only way we can make them better, andbetter.”“In closing, if you are one ofthe folks who refused to install the PayPal app or if you can't remember yourPayPal password, do yourself a favor, go and find something that will connectwith your heart and mind elsewhere.” While not obvious at first, the letter reveals a problem of morale andculture at PayPal. As an executive, you certainly want your employees to useand promote your products. However, when faced with a situation where staffisn't embracing what they make, you need to investigate the root of the problem-- not threaten.When faced withinternal problems, good executives start by asking “why”. They reach out totheir executive team first and then to the entire staff to find the root of aproblem and how to fix it. Sending out a one-sided note about the problem isnot leading, it's retreating.Leadershipstarts by listening. Good executives need to get out among the staff and askquestions and listen without judgment or reaction. The fact that companyemployees are not embracing and using its products is a failure of leadershipthat Marcus needs to address by self-reflection. At the end of the day, if hisemployees have to be forced to use the app, how can he expect consumers to wantto willingly pay to use it? Marcus should have focused on three questions: •Why are you not using the app? • What is it that we can do to ensure you useour app? • What do you need from me?1. A CEO only needs to be passionate andenthusiastic.2. It is not professional that PayPal CEO blames his employees fornot using PayPal or forgetting PayPal passwords.3. “A one-sided note” refers tothe root of PayPal's problem.4. When faced with internal problems, goodexecutives find the root of a problem in their executive team first.5. Goodexecutives need to give feedback immediately when they are listening to thestaff.答案:F# T# F# T# F114.— I'd like a wake-up call at 7:00 a.m., please!—OK,________________ .A. You will certainly make it.B. I'll make sure you get one.C. just do what you like.答案:I'll make sure you get one.115.—Scott，I'd like to have your opinions about mywritten report. —________________ But I have one suggestion.A. That's a good idea.B. You are too modest.C. It looks fine to me.答案:It looks fine to me.116.When people are surrounded by ______ communicationand encouragement, they can find the courage to try, fail, redo, and try again.A. complicatedB. constantC. corporate答案:constant117.please ______ your hand if you have any question atall.A. raiseB. riseC. arise答案:raise118.He will write to me as soon as he ______ home.A. will have returnedB. returnsC. will return答案:returns119.二、完型填空（共50分）操作提示：通过下拉选项框选择正确的词汇。 This evening Imet a friend at a local bar. She brought her laptopso she could show me some of her latestdigital art designs. As we looked through her artwork, the laptop suddenlystarted making an unhealthy noise, then the screen twinkled on and off and thencut off. And as we both stared at oneanother surprisingly, the terrible smell of fried computer circuits appeared. Igrabbed the laptop off the bar to inspect it and the problem instantly aroseitself. The bottom of the laptop was completely wet and empty, spilt waterglass rested against the side of her purse just behind where the laptop wassitting. While we were chatting and shifting the laptop's 17 inch screen, we somehow spilt a glass of water that thewaiter had inadvertently (无意地) placed behind the screen, which was out of ourview. When life throws id some troubles like this, it typically doesn't makeany sense to us, and our natural emotional reaction might get extremelyat the top of our lungs. But how does thishelp our dilemma? Obviously, it doesn't. The smartest and hardest thing we cando in these kinds of situations is to be more tempered in our reaction. You'dbe much wiser and more disciplined than scream extremely. You should rememberthat emotional rage only makes matters worse. And please remember that once ithappens, that will give us an opportunity to grow stronger. Every difficultmoment in our lives is accompanied by an opportunity for personal growthand. But in order to attain this growthand creativity，we must first learn to control our emotions,and we mustrecognize that difficulties pass like everything in our life.答案:along# completely# back and forth#upset# creativity
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